Control and
automations have helped the development of automated industrial processes.
However, control systems have a high conceptual component that will be the
subject of this teaching unit.
Let's start by
defining some of the main components of such systems
1.- FLOOR Set of
components and parts that have a certain objective
2.- PROCESS Set
of operations that will have a certain purpose.
3.- SYSTEM
Combination of components that act together to perform the control
4.- INTERRUPTIONS
All unwanted signals involved adversely.
5.- INPUT OF
MANDO Excitator signal of the system
6.- REFERENCE
SELECTOR Item that is placed to have a reference.
7.- REFERENCE
INPUT. Signal produced by the reference selector
8.- CONTROL UNIT.
A unit that reacts with an active signal to produce the desired output.
9.-OUT Amount to
be maintained
10.- OPEN LOOP
CONTROL SYSTEM. System in which the output has no influence on the input.
11.- FEEDBACK
ELEMENT. A unit that provides means to increase or decrease the output signal.
12.- ACTIVE SIGNAL.
Difference between input and reference.
13.- CLOSED LOOP
CONTROL SYSTEM. System in the output affects the input.
The control
system regulates and controls the operation of an automation or process so that
it works as intended.
We can represent
an open loop control system with the following scheme:
In contrast, a
closed loop control system can be represented by the following scheme:
In both system we
differentiate a number of characteristic elements:
1.- SENSOR OR
TRANSDUCTOR: Transforms the physical signal into an electrical signal
2.- COMPARATOR
Compares the input signal with the reference signal
3.- CONTROLLER
Depending on the signal that arrives decides if the actuator should be
activated
4.- ACTUATOR:
Changes the output so that there is no error to the input.
Control is one of
the foundations of modern engineering. Its theoretical foundations involve
knowledge of electronics and mathematics at a high level, since to simplify
such systems are used Laplace transforms.
ACTIVITIES
1.- Classify the following systems in open loop and closed loop
Washing machine, fridge and programmed air conditioning
2.- Describe the elements that appear in each of the previous systems
ACTIVITIES
1.- Classify the following systems in open loop and closed loop
Washing machine, fridge and programmed air conditioning
2.- Describe the elements that appear in each of the previous systems
No hay comentarios:
Publicar un comentario